Why earthquakes happens

Earthquakes happens due to the movement of tectonic plates beneath the Earth's surface. The plates can move suddenly, releasing a large amount of energy in the form of seismic waves, which cause the ground to shake. The point where the plates move is called the focus, and the point on the surface directly above it is called the epicenter.

Earthquakes can also be caused by human activities, such as the detonation of underground nuclear weapons.

Human activities can indirectly cause earthquakes through processes such as fluid injection, underground blasting, and extraction of resources like oil and gas.

Here are some key points about human-caused earthquakes:

Fluid injection:

 The injection of fluid into the subsurface, such as wastewater from oil and gas production, can increase the pressure in underground rock formations, leading to seismic activity.

Underground blasting:

 Blasting activities, such as those related to construction and mining, can cause ground shaking and seismic activity.

Resource extraction: 

The removal of resources such as oil and gas can lead to changes in subsurface stress, which can trigger earthquakes.

Reservoirs: 

The filling and operation of large reservoirs can cause changes in the stresses and strains on the surrounding rocks, leading to earthquakes.

It's important to note that while human activities can induce earthquakes, the vast majority of earthquakes are still natural in origin.

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Natural causes of earthquakes

1. 1. Tectonic plate movement and collision
2. 2. Volcanic activity
3. 3. Hydrothermal venting and fluid movements
4. 4.Landslide and rockfall
5. 5.Oceanic trench and subduction zone earthquakes

Most recorded earthquakes region

The region of the world with the most recorded earthquakes is the "Ring of Fire," a horseshoe-shaped ring of active volcanoes and tectonic plate boundaries that encircles the Pacific Basin. This area is particularly prone to earthquakes due to its location on the boundary of several tectonic plates, which leads to frequent movement and collision. Other areas with high seismic activity include the Alpide Belt (which extends from the Mediterranean region through Iran and into the Himalayas), the Indonesia region, and the western coast of South America.

Here are some of the largest earthquakes in the last 50 years:

1. Haiti earthquake, 2010 - magnitude 7.0
2. Japan earthquake and tsunami, 2011 - magnitude 9.0
3. Sumatra earthquake and tsunami, 2004 - magnitude 9.1
4. Chile earthquake, 2010 - magnitude 8.8
5. Alaska earthquake, 1964 - magnitude 9.2
6. Iran-Iraq earthquake, 2017 - magnitude 7.3
7. New Zealand earthquake, 2011 - magnitude 6.3
8. Mexico earthquake, 2017 - magnitude 8.1
9. Nepal earthquake, 2015 - magnitude 7.8
10. Baja California earthquake, 2010 - magnitude 7.2

Millions of people died and were displaced from their homes due to earthquakes in the world in the last fifty years۔۔۔۔